{"id":14956,"date":"2025-08-24T16:56:57","date_gmt":"2025-08-24T13:56:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar\/?p=14956"},"modified":"2026-08-24T17:03:06","modified_gmt":"2026-08-24T14:03:06","slug":"%d9%81%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%81%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%ae-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%82%d8%b1%d8%a2%d9%86","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar\/2025\/08\/24\/%d9%81%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%81%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%ae-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%82%d8%b1%d8%a2%d9%86\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"ai-translation-notice\" style=\"background-color: #f8f9fa; border-right: 4px 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\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645.<a href=\"#_ftn7\" name=\"_ftnref7\">[\u06f7]<\/a><\/p>\n<h3>\u0662. \u0647\u0644 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631 \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u064b\u0627\u061f<\/h3>\n<p>\u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0634\u063a\u0644\u062a \u0630\u0647\u0646 \u0641\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0647\u0648: \u0647\u0644 \u064a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0645 \u0644\u0627\u061f \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0622\u062e\u0631: \u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u062c\u0632\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627\u061f<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u062f \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0647: \u0647\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0648\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646\u061f<a href=\"#_ftn8\" name=\"_ftnref8\">[\u06f8]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631 \u064a\u062e\u0636\u0639 \u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0629 (Positivism) \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0646\u064a: \u0625\u0646 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0630\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0647. \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0646 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u064a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0633\u062a\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a.<a href=\"#_ftn9\" name=\"_ftnref9\">[\u06f9]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0641 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0623\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0648\u064a\u0634\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0624\u0645 (Pessimism). \u064a\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627: \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u062a \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0644\u0645 \u0623\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0623\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u062c\u062f \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646.<a href=\"#_ftn10\" name=\"_ftnref10\">[\u06f1\u06f0]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0646\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0628\u0648\u0628\u0631 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u064a\u0641\u0633\u0631 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644: \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u062c\u062f \u0646\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0626\u0629. \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646.<a href=\"#_ftn11\" name=\"_ftnref11\">[\u06f1\u06f1]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u064a\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0641\u0639\u0647\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0647\u0648 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\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c.<\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u00bb \u064a\u062f\u0639\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u0641\u0630\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0630\u0646 \u0635\u0627\u063a\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0628\u0630\u0644 \u0643\u0644 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631\u0647.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\">[\u06f1]<\/a>. \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0636\u0649 \u0645\u0637\u0647\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u060c \u0642\u0645\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062f.\u062a.\u060c \u0635.\u0663\u0660\u0669.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref2\" name=\"_ftn2\">[\u06f2]<\/a>. \u064a\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0647 \u064a\u0641\u060c \u0646.\u0622. \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u061f \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629: \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062a\u0642\u064a \u0632\u0627\u062f\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0661\u0663\u0666\u0660\u060c \u0635.\u0669\u0663-\u0669\u0662.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref3\" name=\"_ftn3\">[\u06f3]<\/a>. \u0645\u062a\u0632 \u0622\u062f\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629: \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0630\u0643\u0627\u0648\u062a\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0661\u0663\u0666\u0665\u060c \u062c \u0661\u060c \u0635. \u0664.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref4\" name=\"_ftn4\">[\u06f4]<\/a>. \u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u060c \u062f\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0643\u0648. Delfico, M.Pendieri sula storiael, ineertzza edinutlita della medesima, \u0661\u0668\u0660\u0666. \u0646\u0642\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0635.\u0661\u0665-\u0661\u0664.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref5\" name=\"_ftn5\">[\u06f5]<\/a>. \u0623\u0631\u0646\u0648\u0644\u062f\u060c \u062a\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631\u060c \u0635.\u0661\u0660.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref6\" name=\"_ftn6\">[\u06f6]<\/a>. \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0642\u0631 \u0635\u062f\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629: \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u0647\u062f\u064a \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0648\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0661\u0663\u0665\u0669\u060c \u0635 \u0635. \u0661\u0668 \u0648 \u0661\u0669.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref7\" name=\"_ftn7\">[\u06f7]<\/a>. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u060c \u0635.\u0663\u0660\u0669.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref8\" name=\"_ftn8\">[\u06f8]<\/a>. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u060c \u062f\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0648.\u0627.\u062a\u0634\u060c \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629: \u0636\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0637\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0637\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0661\u0663\u0666\u0663.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref9\" name=\"_ftn9\">[\u06f9]<\/a>. \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u060c \u0635 \u0635. \u0661\u0660\u0666 \u0648 \u0661\u0660\u0667.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref10\" name=\"_ftn10\">[\u06f1\u06f0]<\/a>. \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0623.\u060c \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u060c \u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0661\u0669\u0660\u0664\u060c \u0646\u0642\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u060c \u064a\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0635.\u0661\u0660\u0667.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref11\" name=\"_ftn11\">[\u06f1\u06f1]<\/a>. \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0644. \u0631. \u0628\u0648\u0628\u0631\u060c \u0641\u0642\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0622\u0631\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0637\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0661\u0663\u0665\u0668\u060c \u0635.\u0661\u0662\u0663.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref12\" name=\"_ftn12\">[\u06f1\u06f2]<\/a>. \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0636\u0649 \u0645\u0637\u0647\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u060c \u0642\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0635\u062f\u0631\u0627\u060c \u0661\u0663\u0667\u0661\u060c \u0635.\u0661\u0669\u0660.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref13\" name=\"_ftn13\">[\u06f1\u06f3]<\/a>. \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u060c \u0635.\u0661\u0668.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref14\" name=\"_ftn14\">[\u06f1\u06f4]<\/a>. \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0642\u0631 \u0635\u062f\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629: \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0648\u0686\u0647\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0637\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0631\u062c\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0661\u0663\u0666\u0669\u060c \u0635.\u0668\u0663.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref15\" name=\"_ftn15\">[\u06f1\u06f5]<\/a>. \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0635\u062f\u064a\u0642\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u060c \u0637\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0661\u0663\u0664\u0662.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref16\" name=\"_ftn16\">[\u06f1\u06f6]<\/a>. \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062a\u0642\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u064a\u0632\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0642\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0661\u0663\u0667\u0663\u060c \u0635.\u0661\u0665\u0663.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref17\" name=\"_ftn17\">[\u06f1\u06f7]<\/a>. \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0644 \u064a\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0631\u0632\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629: \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0644\u0637\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0637\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0661\u0663\u0667\u0663\u060c \u0635.\u0662\u0664\u0669.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref18\" name=\"_ftn18\">[\u06f1\u06f8]<\/a>. Alecander Gray.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref19\" name=\"_ftn19\">[\u06f1\u06f9]<\/a>. Alexander Gray, The development of economic doctrine. \u0646\u0642\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref20\" name=\"_ftn20\">[\u06f2\u06f0]<\/a>. Phenmene existetiel.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref21\" name=\"_ftn21\">[\u06f2\u06f1]<\/a>. \u0647\u064a\u063a\u0644 \u062c. \u0648. \u0641.\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u062f\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0645\u0647\u064a\u062f \u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0637\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0661\u0663\u0666\u0668\u060c \u0635 \u0635. \u0661\u0667 \u0648 \u0661\u0668.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref22\" name=\"_ftn22\">[\u06f2\u06f2]<\/a>. \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0636\u0649 \u0645\u0637\u0647\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u060c \u0635.\u0662\u0662\u0661.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref23\" name=\"_ftn23\">[\u06f2\u06f3]<\/a>. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646\u060c \u0635.\u0661\u0665\u0669.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref24\" name=\"_ftn24\">[\u06f2\u06f4]<\/a>. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646\u060c \u0635.\u0661\u0662\u0663.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref25\" name=\"_ftn25\">[\u06f2\u06f5]<\/a>. \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u060c \u0635.\u0662\u0662.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0633\u064a\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0642\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u060c \u0645\u0624\u0643\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":22,"featured_media":12364,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-14956","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-quran-interpretation"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.1 (Yoast SEO 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\u0648\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645. \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0633\u064a\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0642\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar\/2025\/08\/24\/\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e-\u0641\u064a-\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ar_AR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u062f 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\/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:title\" content=\"\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:description\" content=\"\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0641 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645. \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0633\u064a\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0642\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u0643\u064f\u062a\u0628 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"programer\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0631\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"34 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" 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