{"id":14523,"date":"2026-08-19T12:17:13","date_gmt":"2026-08-19T09:17:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar\/?p=14523"},"modified":"2026-08-19T12:17:13","modified_gmt":"2026-08-19T09:17:13","slug":"%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%af%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%87%d8%b1%d9%85%d9%86%d9%88%d8%b7%d9%8a%d9%82%d8%a7-%d9%85%d8%b5%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%ad%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar\/2026\/08\/19\/%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%af%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%87%d8%b1%d9%85%d9%86%d9%88%d8%b7%d9%8a%d9%82%d8%a7-%d9%85%d8%b5%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%ad%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0631\u0645\u0646\u0648\u0637\u064a\u0642\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a 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href=\"https:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/research\/articles\/%d8%a7%d8%b5%d9%88%d9%84-%d9%81%d9%82%d9%87\/semantics-hermeneutics-scientific-terminology\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>\u0627\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0648 \u0647\u0631\u0645\u0646\u0648\u062a\u06cc\u06a9 \u0648 \u0645\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0635\u0637\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645<\/strong><\/a> \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062f\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062e\u0635:<\/strong> \u00ab\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0631\u0645\u0646\u0648\u0637\u064a\u0642\u0627\u00bb \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0645\u0627 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\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064d \u0648\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629\u00bb \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0633\u0645\u0649 point of view))\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u00ab\u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u064a\u00bb (\u0628\u0624\u0631\u0629) \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0648\u0636\u062d \u00ab\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u00bb.<\/p>\n<p>\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u00abThe Text\u00bb \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0642\u0637\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0643\u0633\u00bb \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0636\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u0627\u0641\u0630\u0629 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0645\u00bb \u0648\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0646\u062a\u062c\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u063a\u0645\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0643 (Pragmatics)\u060c \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 (The characterization of speaker &#8211; meaning) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u064f\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u00ab\u0628\u0631\u0627\u063a\u0645\u0637\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629\u00bb \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u00bb \u0648\u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629\u00bb. \u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0642\u0635\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628<a href=\"#_ftn3\" name=\"_ftnref3\">[3]<\/a>\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0642\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u00ab\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0636\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u00bb \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645\u00bb \u0623\u0648 \u00ab\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645\u00bb \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0645\u00bb. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u00ab\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a\u0629\u00bb \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0635\u0648\u062a\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u063a\u0645\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0643\u00bb \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0631\u063a\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629\u00bb \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u00ab\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629\u00bb \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0634\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0633\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0642\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u00bb \u0648\u00ab\u0625\u064a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0647\u00bb \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647. \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u064f\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0631\u0645\u0646\u0648\u0637\u064a\u0642\u0627 (Hermeneutics) \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u00ab\u0647\u0631\u0645\u0646\u0648\u0637\u064a\u0642\u0627\u00bb \u0648\u064a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0635. \u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a (\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064aLexical = \u0623\u0648 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a (Religious) \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a (social) \u0623\u0648 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a (Psychological) \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a (Historical)\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0648\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0635\u0637\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0641 \u0644\u0640 \u00abInterpretation\u00bb \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0642\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0631\u0645\u0646\u0648\u0637\u064a\u0642\u064a \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 (scripture)<a href=\"#_ftn4\" name=\"_ftnref4\">[4]<\/a>\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0641 \u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u00ab\u062d\u0631\u0645\u062a\u00bb \u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u00abHermenuetics\u00bb \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0646\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u0630\u0644\u0643 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name=\"_ftnref8\">[8]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u00ab\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639\u064a\u0629\u00bb. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0628\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0645\u0629\u00bb \u0648\u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629\u00bb \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647.<\/p>\n<p>\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0642\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u062b\u0631\u00bb \u0647\u0648 \u0641\u0627\u0637\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0621 &#8211; \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 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\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0648\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u0646\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0622\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0644 (significant) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0644\u0648\u0644 (signified)<a href=\"#_ftn9\" name=\"_ftnref9\">[9]<\/a> \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629sign \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0636\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0629 (conventional) \u0623\u0645 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629natural\u061f \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0634\u0623 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0627\u0647\u0628 \u062a\u0646\u0634\u0623 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0630\u0627\u0647\u0628 \u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0645\u0624\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0648\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0636\u0649 \u0648\u00ab\u0627\u0646\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u00bb\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 (arbitrary) \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0635\u062f\u0649 \u0634\u0639\u0631\u064a (onomatopoeic) \u0623\u0648 \u00ab\u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0629\u00bb \u062a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0631\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621\u060c \u062e\u0634\u062e\u0634 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062c\u0631\u060c \u0634\u0647\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0632\u0626\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062f\u060c \u0641\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0639\u0649\u060c \u0632\u0642\u0632\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0630\u0644\u0643. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a. \u0645\u0624\u064a\u062f\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u00ab\u0623\u0631\u0633\u0637\u0648\u00bb\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0624\u064a\u062f\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0646.<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0639 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 (Unitheism) \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645 &#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a &#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u00bb \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0644\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u064a (Unithetical)\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0646\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627. \u0646\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0648\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0646\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0631\u0645\u0646\u0648\u0637\u064a\u0642\u064a \u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u064aUnithetical) Hermenuetics) \u0646\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0631\u0645\u0646\u0648\u0637\u064a\u0642\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629\u00bb \u0623\u0648 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u00bb \u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632\u0647 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0631\u0645\u0646\u0648\u0637\u064a\u0642\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u061b \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0631\u0645\u0646\u0648\u0637\u064a\u0642\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0646\u064a (unique) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 &#8211; \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 &#8211; \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0646\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0627\u064b \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645.<\/p>\n<p>\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u0640 \u00ab\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629\u00bb \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u060c \u0646\u0648\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u00bb \u0648\u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u00bb \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u00ab\u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629\u00bb \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646. \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0627\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f \u062a\u064f\u0641\u0633\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u064f\u0634\u0631\u062d \u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064d \u0648\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0635\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0647\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a:<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629freedom) )\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u0629modernism) )\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 rationalism))\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629capitalism\u200c) )\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0629\u200c socialism\u200c))\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629democracy) )\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0645\u062dtolerance) )\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641violence) )\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u064a\u0629plularism) )\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 (scientism) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 (secularism) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0641\u0633\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a. \u0648\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0637\u064a\u0642\u0627\u00bb \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u064a\u0644. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u064f\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<a href=\"#_ftn10\" name=\"_ftnref10\">[10]<\/a> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062b\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u063a\u0627\u0645\u0636\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062a\u062e\u0630 \u0623\u0648\u0635\u0627\u0641\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0623\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u062a\u0647\u064a \u0628\u062e\u064a\u0631. \u0643\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0634\u0623 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639.<\/p>\n<p>\u0647\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0639\u0646\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0637\u064a\u0642\u0627hermenutics\u200c)) \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0633\u0631\u060c \u0628\u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647. \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a (\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a)\u060c \u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a\u064a\u060c \u0639\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0647 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0648\u0632 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0647. \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629\u064b \u0641\u064a \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629\u00bb \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0637\u064a\u0642\u0627 &#8211; \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u064a &#8211; \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u00ab\u062d\u0631\u0645\u0629 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629\u00bb \u0648\u062c\u0630\u0631\u0647\u0627 (hermo) \u0648(hermes) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u064a\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647<a href=\"#_ftn11\" name=\"_ftnref11\">[11]<\/a> \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636. \u0625\u0646 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u00ab\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0647\u0629\u00bb \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062b\u0631\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u00bb \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u064b \u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0627\u064b. \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u0628\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0648\u00ab\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u062a\u0647\u00bb \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u064a\u0647\u00bb \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0648\u0642\u062f\u0633\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0633\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629\u00bb \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0648\u0633\u0631\u064a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u0630\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0648\u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644\u00bb \u0644\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0645 &#8211; \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0633\u0645\u0649 (semantics) &#8211; \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0645 &#8211; \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 &#8211; \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0647 (Pragmatics) \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a (lexical) \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a (associative) \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u0629 (discourse analysis) \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 (components) \u0648 (cohesive) \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0646coherence)) \u064a\u064f\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062cback) ground knowledge) \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u0649 (schemata). \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u00ab\u0633\u0648\u0642\u00bb \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u064f\u0642\u0635\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0639\u0643\u0627\u0638 \u0648\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u064a\u0642\u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0642\u00bb (\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0645)\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0628 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src=\"https:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/9-1-300x181.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"552\" height=\"333\" \/><\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>\u0644\u0627 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646\u00bb \u0648\u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0646\u00bb \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629\u00bb\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d \u0623\u0646 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\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0648\u00ab\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u00bb \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 (a linguistic theory) \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627 (linguistic method)\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627. \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062bgeneral linguistics \u0642\u062f \u0623\u063a\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u063a\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627\u061b \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u062d\u062f\u062b\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0648\u0646\u061b \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0628\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 (unitheism) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0634\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u064a\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d (unitheical linguistics) \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u063a\u0645 \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629. \u0623\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629\u00bb\u061b \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0624\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629. \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645 (linguistic competence) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u00ab\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u00bb \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644:<\/p>\n<p>\u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u064e\u062d\u0652\u0645\u064e\u0646\u064f \u0639\u064e\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0645\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0642\u064f\u0631\u0652\u0622\u0646\u064e\u060c \u062e\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0642\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0625\u0650\u0646\u0652\u0633\u064e\u0627\u0646\u064e\u060c \u0639\u064e\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0647\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0628\u064e\u064a\u064e\u0627\u0646\u064e\u00bb \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646\/ 4-1 (\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645).<\/p>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646 \u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u00ab\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u00bb\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0643\u062a\u0628\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 (Unitheical relation) \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0644\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0648\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0632\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u064f\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631. \u0644\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0637\u0631\u062d \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 (alternative) \u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 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\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0633\u0631 (interpreter) \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635\u00bb \u0648\u0642\u0648\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0629. \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0646\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0639.<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0639\u0631\u0641\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0638\u00bb \u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a (Phonological) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629\u00bb \u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064aWriting system\u060c \u0646\u0636\u0637\u0631 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0641\u0647\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628. \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u062a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0645 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0632\u061f \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u0639\u0647\u0627\u061f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0623\u0645 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a scientific study of language) \u0641\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0640\u00ab\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\u00bb (scientific) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u061f \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u0627 \u0646\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0634 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627. \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u00bb \u0648\u00ab\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u00bb \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u064a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0640\u00ab\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a\u00bb 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\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a (oral natural source) \u062a\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u062a\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627. \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0628\u0640 (universal) \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0643\u0634\u0641\u0647 \u062a\u0634\u0648\u0645\u0633\u0643\u064a (Chomsky) \u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u064a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0631\u0623\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0629.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u064a<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u064f\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0633\u0643 \u0628\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u064a \u064a\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0640 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u064a\u00bb \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u060c \u0648\u0646\u062d\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0646\u0637\u0631\u062d\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0634\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0623\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0638\u061b \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0631\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0636 \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0645\u0638\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 elective))\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0628\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0635\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629 (linguistic competence) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0647\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0648\u0631\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646\u064a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627:<\/p>\n<p>\u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u064e\u062d\u0652\u0645\u064e\u0646\u064f \u0639\u064e\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0645\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0642\u064f\u0631\u0652\u0622\u0646\u064e \u062e\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0642\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0625\u0650\u0646\u0652\u0633\u064e\u0627\u0646\u064e \u0639\u064e\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0647\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0628\u064e\u064a\u064e\u0627\u0646\u064e\u00bb \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646\/1-4<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0647\u064a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 (rhyming) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u061b \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645 \u00ab\u0628\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u00bb \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<p>\u00abby sign of Allah all rhyming all rhythm\u00bb<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0647\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631 \u0647\u064a \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0641\u062a\u064f\u0646\u0634\u0626 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637. \u0625\u0630\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0644 signifier)) \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0644\u0648\u0644 (signified) \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0641\u0636\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u0636\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0642\u0644\u0627\u064b. \u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 (Unitheical sign).<\/p>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0647\u062c\u0627\u062a dialects)) \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0644\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u0648\u0625\u0638\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641 (discovery procedure) \u0623\u0648 \u00ab\u0643\u0641\u0631\u0632\u062f\u0627\u064a\u064a\u00bb \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u00ab\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621\u00bb \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0638\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u064a\u061b \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u0639\u060c \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0647\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0628\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0628\u062b\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a (thinking) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0648\u062d\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0647\u064a \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644:<\/p>\n<p>\u00ab\u0648\u064e\u0639\u064e\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0645\u064e \u0622\u062f\u064e\u0645\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0623\u064e\u0633\u0652\u0645\u064e\u0627\u0621\u064e \u0643\u064f\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0647\u064e\u0627\u00bb<\/p>\n<p>\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0622\u062f\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u060c \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642\u064b\u0627 (speaking animal). \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u0646\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0647 \u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0642. \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u060c \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0641\u0647\u0645\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0622\u062e\u0631. \u0625\u0630\u0646 \u0646\u062f\u0631\u0643 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 (two faces of one coin)\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0634 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0648\u0648\u062c\u0647\u064e\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 &#8211; \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0647\u064a \u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0644 \u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0632 \u0644\u0647 (distinctive feature) &#8211; \u0641\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0634 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629\u061b \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u064a\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u00bb (\u0648\u0627\u0636\u0639) \u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639\u00bb\u060c \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u00bb \u0648\u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0644\u0647\u00bb\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639\u00bb \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629\u00bb (sign) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0634\u0623\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0646\u0634\u0623\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0644 (signifier) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0644\u0648\u0644 (signified). \u0625\u0630\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062b\u0644\u062b \u0644\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-29776\" src=\"https:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/20-300x113.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"491\" height=\"185\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641 \u0648\u064a\u0637\u0631\u062d \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0644\u0627 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0649\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0646\u062a\u0647\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u062c\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u00ab\u064a\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0628\u0646 \u0642\u062d\u0637\u0627\u0646\u00bb \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0644\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u062a\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u0641\u0631\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u064f\u0633\u0623\u0644: \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a\u061f \u0648\u0623\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u061f \u0648\u0623\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0648\u0627 \u0644\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639\u061f \u0648\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0631\u0646\u0627\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627: \u00ab\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0645\u00bb<\/p>\n<p>\u0623\u064a \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0634\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0648\u0641\u0651\u0631 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u00bb \u0644\u064a\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639\u00bb \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0648\u064a\u0636\u00bb \u2013 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u064a (\u0639) \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u0623\u0644: \u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u061f \u0623\u0645 \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u061f \u0623\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0648\u0636\u0639\u061f<\/p>\n<p>\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0642\u0644\u062a\u0645 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0641\u0631 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0644\u061b \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u060c 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\u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0646 \u00ab\u0627\u0633\u0645\u00bb \u064a\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621 (\u0633\u0645\u0623) \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0643 \u064a\u064f\u0633\u0645\u0649 (\u0633\u0645\u0623) \u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u0645\u060c \u0648(sky) \u0647\u0648 \u00ab\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0645 \u0647\u0645 \u064a\u0647\u062a\u062f\u0648\u0646\u00bb \u0648\u00ab\u0634\u0645\u0633\u00bb (\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621 (sun) \u0647\u064a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0629 (solar system)\u060c \u0648(son) \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628 \u0648\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0647\u060c \u0648(\u0632\u0627\u062f\u0647) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0621. \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0631\u0633\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0633\u0644 (sender) \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0633\u0644 (saint) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649.<\/p>\n<p>\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u00bb \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u064a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0644 \u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0644\u0640 \u00aball\u00bb \u0641\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0644\u0651\u062a \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u00bb (all). \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 all-rhyming \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646\u060c \u0648all-rhythm \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u064a\u0645.<\/p>\n<p>\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0642\u0635\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0635\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 rhyming \u062a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0648\u062d\u062f \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0632\u0642\u00bb \u0648\u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0632\u0627\u0642\u00bb \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0632\u0642 \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u064a\u0645 rhythm \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0639\u0637\u0627\u0624\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0627\u0642\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u062d\u0642\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0625\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0645.<\/p>\n<p>\u00ab\u064a\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0622\u0645\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0643\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a\u00bb<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0647 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0648\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0632\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0632\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 (rhyming) \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0632\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u062d\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 (rhythm). \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0642\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0646 \u0631\u062d\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u064a\u0645 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n<p>\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0634 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0642\u0635\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0633\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062f\u060c \u064a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0627\u064b \u062c\u0630\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u00ab\u0628\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u00bb \u062a\u0648\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639.<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u064a\u0645<\/p>\n<p>by\u200c sign\u200c of\u200c Allah All-rhyming\u200c All\u200c-rhythm<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\">[1]<\/a> \u0644\u0634\u0631\u062d \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0635 15 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0647\u0627 (\u0646\u0638\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u0641\u06cc \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629\u200c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u06cc\u062b\u200c\u060c \u062a\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c 1997 \u0645.)<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref2\" name=\"_ftn2\">[2]<\/a> \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u0646\u0635 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u00ab\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0634.\u00bb<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref3\" name=\"_ftn3\">[3]<\/a> \u0645\u063a\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0634\u0641\u060c \u062c 5\u060c \u0635 437\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref4\" name=\"_ftn4\">[4]<\/a> \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 scripture \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0633 cassell\u060c \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 The books of the old and new Testament: Holyscripture.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref5\" name=\"_ftn5\">[5]<\/a> \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 43\u060c \u0635 126\u060c \u0637\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646 1989 \u0645.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref6\" name=\"_ftn6\">[6]<\/a> \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref7\" name=\"_ftn7\">[7]<\/a> \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u0642\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0633 \u0643\u0627\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a cassell\u060c \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 hermenutics \u0635 548.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref8\" name=\"_ftn8\">[8]<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0635 10.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref9\" name=\"_ftn9\">[9]<\/a> \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0635 18.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref10\" name=\"_ftn10\">[10]<\/a> \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u00ab\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629\u00bb\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 6\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref11\" name=\"_ftn11\">[11]<\/a> \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u00ab\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629\u00bb\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 6\u060c \u0635 134.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref12\" name=\"_ftn12\">[12]<\/a> \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u00ab\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644\u00bb \u062c 1 \u0635\u061f\u061f\u061f \u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0642\u0645 1410 \u0647\u0640.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref13\" name=\"_ftn13\">[13]<\/a> \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062f\u064a\u00bb\u060c \u0635 30.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref14\" name=\"_ftn14\">[14]<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0635 254.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref15\" name=\"_ftn15\">[15]<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0627\u062a 229-228.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref16\" name=\"_ftn16\">[16]<\/a> \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u00ab\u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u00bb \u0633\u064a\u062f \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0635\u062f\u0631.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref17\" name=\"_ftn17\">[17]<\/a> \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0648\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0635 254\u060c \u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c 1975. \u062c\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0646\u0634\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0647 (\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0647\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0632\u064a).<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref18\" name=\"_ftn18\">[18]<\/a> \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0639\u0629\u060c \u062c 1\u060c \u0635 665\u061b \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref19\" name=\"_ftn19\">[19]<\/a> \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0635 129.\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0627\u0621: \u00ab\u0648\u0647\u0645 \u062d\u062c\u062a\u064a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0645.\u00bb<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref20\" name=\"_ftn20\">[20]<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0635 30.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref21\" name=\"_ftn21\">[21]<\/a> \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629\u00bb \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0645.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref22\" name=\"_ftn22\">[22]<\/a> \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0647\u0630\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635 \u0644\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u00ab\u062e\u0637\u0623\u00bb \u0648\u0631\u062f \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u062d\u062b\u064b\u0627 \u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0623\u0646\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u064a\u0642\u0635\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0644: \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0628\u0630\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0636\u064a \u062c\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u062e\u0637\u0623\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0647 \u0623\u062c\u0631.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref23\" name=\"_ftn23\">[23]<\/a> \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0647\u0627\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0635 246.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref24\" name=\"_ftn24\">[24]<\/a> \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u0643\u062a\u0628\u064a \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u00bb \u0648\u00ab\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644\u00bb \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629. \u0644\u062a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0642\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0635\u062f\u0631.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref25\" name=\"_ftn25\">[25]<\/a> \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u062a\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0647\u0645\u0627.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref26\" name=\"_ftn26\">[26]<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref27\" name=\"_ftn27\">[27]<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0635\u062f\u0631\u060c \u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0635 19.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref28\" name=\"_ftn28\">[28]<\/a> \u0645\u0638\u0641\u0631\u060c \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647\u060c \u0635 1\u060c \u0628\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref29\" name=\"_ftn29\">[29]<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0638\u060c \u062c 1\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0627\u062a 17-16.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref30\" name=\"_ftn30\">[30]<\/a> \u062f\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0636\u064a\u060c \u062c 2 \u0635 107.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref31\" name=\"_ftn31\">[31]<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0645\u0638\u0641\u0631\u060c \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647\u060c \u062c 1 \u0635 8.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref32\" name=\"_ftn32\">[32]<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0635\u062f\u0631\u060c \u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644\u060c \u062c 1\u060c \u0635 27.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref33\" name=\"_ftn33\">[33]<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0635 33.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref34\" name=\"_ftn34\">[34]<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0627\u062d\u060c \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u0638\u060c \u0635 601\u060c \u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref35\" name=\"_ftn35\">[35]<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646\u064a\u060c \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0627\u062a 106-105\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c 1974 \u0645.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref36\" name=\"_ftn36\">[36]<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0635 18\u060c \u0642\u0645\u060c 1368 \u0647\u0640.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref37\" name=\"_ftn37\">[37]<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0635 19.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0631\u0645\u0646\u0648\u0637\u064a\u0642\u0627 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":22,"featured_media":12364,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-14523","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-osul"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.1 (Yoast SEO v28.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ 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