{"id":10715,"date":"2021-12-03T10:41:38","date_gmt":"2021-12-03T07:41:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar\/?p=10715"},"modified":"2022-03-16T11:07:26","modified_gmt":"2022-03-16T08:07:26","slug":"%d9%86%d8%b8%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%ad%d8%aa%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%84-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%89-%d9%88%d9%81%d9%82-%d9%85%d8%b0%d9%87%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%81%d9%83%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b5","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar\/2021\/12\/03\/%d9%86%d8%b8%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%ad%d8%aa%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%84-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%89-%d9%88%d9%81%d9%82-%d9%85%d8%b0%d9%87%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%81%d9%83%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b5\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u062a\u0645\u0647\u064a\u062f<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0646 (\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629) \u0647\u064a \u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0644 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0627\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644.<\/p>\n

\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0646\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b\u060c \u0627\u0648 \u0646\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0630\u0644\u0643. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0623\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0638 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0635\u0631\u062d \u0647\u0646\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u0646\u062a\u064a Finetti \u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629[1]<\/a>.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u062f \u0644\u0639\u0628\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0623\u064a\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0649. \u0641\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u064c \u0627\u0646 \u0643\u0648\u0628\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0633 \u0648\u0643\u0628\u0644\u0631 \u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u064a\u0646\u0634\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0627\u0643\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0648 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646 \u0627\u0648 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0641\u0646 kelvin \u0627\u0648 \u0644\u0627\u0641\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0647\u00a0 Lavoisier \u0627\u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0645[2]<\/a>. \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u0633\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062e\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u060c \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0633: (\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0648\u062e\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0642\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0648 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631)\u060c \u0627\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0636\u064a\u0644\u0647 \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0633 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a[3]<\/a>. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0631\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u062c\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0631. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u064a\u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u064a\u062f\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0636 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627. \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0636 \u0645\u0639 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0642\u062f \u0634\u064a\u0626\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0641\u0633\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u064f\u0631\u0641\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u0648\u062f \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0641\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629. \u0648\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0638 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0641\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0634\u0627\u0639\u062a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0641\u0638\u0629 (\u0647\u0632\u0631\u062f (hazard \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0637\u0639\u062a\u064a \u0632\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0648 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628[4]<\/a>. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0641\u0638\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0641\u0629 chance ). \u0648\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0647\u0627\u0643\u0646 Hacking \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0647\u064a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0647\u0632\u0631\u062f \u0647\u064a \u0643\u0644\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0631 algebra \u0645\u0623\u062e\u0648\u0630\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646 – \u0648\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 – \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0638 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0647\u0632\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u063a\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u062d\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631 \u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0635\u064a\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0631\u062a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646. \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0648\u0631\u062f\u062a \u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0646\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 (\u0645\u0627\u0647\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0627 (Mahabarata\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u0642\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629[5]<\/a>.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0644 (1623\u06401662) \u0648\u0632\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062c\u0631\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u062b \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u0630\u0627\u0643 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0643\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u064b \u062a\u064f\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627\u064b. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e \u062a\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647 \u00a0Todhunter\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u0628\u0642\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0633\u062a \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632\u062a \u0627\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0629 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a \u0622\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0646 (1501\u06401576) \u0648\u0643\u0628\u0644\u0631 (1571\u06401630) \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0648 (1564\u06401642)\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0628\u0631\u064aLibri \u00a0[6]<\/a>. \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0647\u0632\u0631\u062f. \u0648\u0643\u0623\u0646 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0638\u0631\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0644.<\/p>\n

\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631 (\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0633\u0646\u0629 1654)\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0632\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0631\u062f. \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u062c\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0635\u0631\u062d \u0647\u0648 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u0642\u0647 \u0644\u0637\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u060c \u062c\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u0634\u0647\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0643\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0632\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627[7]<\/a>.<\/p>\n

\u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0624\u0631\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0623\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0645\u062b\u0644\u062b\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u062d\u0644 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u0644\u062c\u0623\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0647. \u0648\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u062f\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a \u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0642\u0631\u0648\u0646. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u062b \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0638 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0641\u0629[8]<\/a>\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0645 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0633\u0646\u0629 1214) \u0642\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u062b \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u062b \u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0647. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0633\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0648\u0646 Sarton \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0635\u062f\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u062b \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0645\u0636\u0629\u060c \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0641 \u0641\u064a\u0636\u064a\u0639 \u0641\u064a\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0641\u060c \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0627\u064b \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629[9]<\/a>.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0647\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0638\u0644 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0627\u064b \u064a\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631. \u0641\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u062e\u0630\u062a \u062a\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u064a \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u064a\u064f\u062d\u0631\u0632. \u0648\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u062b\u0646\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644 \u0647\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627\u0645\u0633\u064a Ramsey \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647 (\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644) \u0633\u0646\u0629 1926\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0633\u0641\u062c \u00a0Savage(\u0627\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a) \u0633\u0646\u0629 1954\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u0645\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0633\u0641\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u00a0(subjectivism)\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0633\u0641\u062c \u064a\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u00a0(personalism)\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u064a\u0637\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u064a\u0633 \u00a0(Bayesian theory)\u060c \u0641\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u064a\u0633 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0649 (\u0633\u0646\u0629 1760)\u061b \u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0638\u0644\u062a \u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646. \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0636\u0639\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0648\u0644\u064a Jacques Bernoulli \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647 (\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0645\u064a\u0646) \u0633\u0646\u0629 1713. \u0641\u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645 \u0644\u0641\u0638\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a (subjective \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u064f\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u00a0(subjectivist)\u060c \u0648\u0635\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0647\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0631\u062c\u0644 \u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0636\u0644\u064a\u0639. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0642\u062f \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0628 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0631\u062f\u0651 \u0646\u0634\u0623\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0627\u0633 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0645 (\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0645\u064a\u0646)\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u064a\u062c\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0644\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633[10]<\/a>. \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0627 \u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u064a\u0637\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0646\u064a\u0627\u0645\u0646 Neyman \u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0634\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631. \u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0623\u064a \u0647\u0627\u0643\u0646\u060c \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u064a\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0627\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644[11]<\/a>.<\/p>\n

\n

\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0647\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0628\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0647\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0635 \u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0631\u0633\u0644 \u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0639\u062f\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0647\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u063a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0643\u062a\u0651\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0621\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f\u060c \u0641\u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0643\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631 Cramer\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0627\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0643\u0648\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0641 Kolmogorov . \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u062d\u0635\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0648 \u00a0Peano\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0633\u062a \u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644). \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0642\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0633\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0647\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a[12]<\/a>:<\/p>\n

1\u0640 \u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0646\u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0640 (\u0644) \u0648\u0646\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 (\u062d) \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0639 \u0638\u0631\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u0640 (\u0645)\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 (\u0644\\\u0645) \u062a\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 (\u062d).<\/p>\n

2\u0640 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0640 (\u0644\\\u0645) \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0626 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0631 \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u062e\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629: 0\u00a0 \u2264\u00a0 \u0644\\\u0645 \u2265\u00a0 1<\/p>\n

3\u0640 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0646 (\u0645) \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0632\u0645 (\u0644) \u0641\u0627\u0646: \u0644\\\u0645 = 1 \u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n

4\u0640 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0646 (\u0645) \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0632\u0645 \u0639\u062f\u0645 (\u0644) \u0641\u0627\u0646: \u0644\\\u0645 = 0\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n

5\u0640 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 (\u0644) \u0648 (\u0643) \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064b \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0636\u0631\u0628\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0646\u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0640 (\u0648)\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a:<\/p>\n

\u062d(\u0644 \u0648 \u0643) = \u0644\\\u0645 \u00d7 \u0643\\\u0645 \u0648 \u0644<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0648: \u062d(\u0644 \u0648 \u0643) = \u0643\\\u0645 \u00d7 \u0644\\\u0645 \u0648 \u0643<\/p>\n

\u0648\u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646 Conjunctive .<\/p>\n

6\u0640 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 (\u0644) \u0627\u0648 (\u0643) \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u062c\u0645\u0639\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0637\u0631\u062d \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a:<\/p>\n

\u062d(\u0644\u060c \u0643) = \u0644\\\u0645 + \u0643\\\u0645\u00a0 –\u00a0 \u062d(\u0644 \u0648 \u0643).<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0648: \u062d(\u0644\u060c \u0643) = \u0644\\\u0645 + \u0643\\\u0645\u00a0 –\u00a0 \u0644\\\u0645 \u00d7 \u0643\\\u0645 \u0648 \u0644<\/p>\n

\u0648\u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0627\u0644 Disjunctive .<\/p>\n

\u0641\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0647\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0644\u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 (26) \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0639 (26) \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0633\u062d\u0628\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u061f<\/p>\n

\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0647\u0648 (\u0644 \u0648 \u0643\\\u0645)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621 (\u0644\\\u0645) \u0647\u0648 (26\\52 = 1\\2)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621 (\u0643\\\u0645 \u0648 \u0644) \u0647\u0648 (25\\51)\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0642\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0647\u0648 (51)\u061b \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 (25) \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621. \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0627\u064a \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c:<\/p>\n

\u0644 \u0648 \u0643\\\u0645 = 1\\2 \u00d7 25\\51 = 25\\102<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642. \u0627\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064b. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a:<\/p>\n

\u0644\u060c \u0643\\\u0645 = 1\\2 + 1\\2 – 25\\102 = 77\\102<\/p>\n

\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0646: \u0627\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u064a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u064a\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u062f\u062b \u0645\u062a\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u064a \u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0644\u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0631\u060c \u0628\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u062f\u062b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0638\u0631\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f. \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0634\u0643 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d. \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627. \u0627\u0630 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u062f\u062b \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0635\u0641\u0631\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u062f\u062b. \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u062f\u062b \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u0629 \u0637\u0631\u062d \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u062f\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0635 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0631. \u0641\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0628\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0643\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062a\u0636\u0645 \u0627\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0643\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0636 \u0648\u0643\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0648\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0636\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0643\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0648\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0643\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0628\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0628 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0628\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u062d\u0628 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u062a\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0627\u064a:<\/p>\n

\u062d(\u0644 \u0648 \u0643) = \u0644\\\u0645\u00a0 \u00d7 \u0643\\\u0645 \u0648 \u0644<\/p>\n

\u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 – \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637\u0629 -\u060c \u0643\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633 (1) \u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0631\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0636\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a:<\/p>\n

\u062d (\u0644 \u0648 \u0643) = \u0644\\\u0645 \u00d7 \u0643\\\u0645<\/p>\n

\u0625\u0630 \u0623\u0646: \u0643\\\u0645 = \u0643\\\u0645 \u0648 \u0644<\/p>\n

\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u062a\u0639\u062f \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u064a\u0633\u00a0 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0633\u0646\u0629 1761) \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a:<\/p>\n

\u062d(\u0644 \u0648 \u0643) = \u0644\\\u0645 \u00d7 \u0643\\\u0645 \u0648 \u0644<\/p>\n

\u062d(\u0644 \u0648 \u0643) = \u0643\\\u0645 \u00d7 \u0644\\\u0645 \u0648 \u0643<\/p>\n

\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0627\u064a:<\/p>\n

\u0644\\\u0645 \u00d7 \u0643\\\u0645 \u0648 \u0644 = \u0643\\\u0645 \u00d7 \u0644\\\u0645 \u0648 \u0643<\/p>\n

\u0643\\\u0645 \u00d7 \u0644\\\u0645 \u0648 \u0643<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0630\u0646: \u0643\\\u0645 \u0648 \u0644 = \u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640<\/p>\n

\u0644\\\u0645<\/p>\n

\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0647\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0627\u061b \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0642\u0633\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0643\u0648\u0643\u0628 \u0646\u0628\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0630\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0631\u0633\u0644[13]<\/a>. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0628\u0631\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a:<\/p>\n

\u0644\u0646\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0631\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0635\u0648\u0628 \u0647\u062f\u0641\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0627 \u0646\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0625\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 (\u0623) \u0627\u0648 (\u0628)\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u064a (\u0623) \u0627\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u064a (\u0628)\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0641\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u0627\u0635\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a (\u0623). \u0648\u0644\u0648 \u0631\u0645\u0632\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0641\u064a (\u0623) \u0628\u0640 (\u0643)\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u064a (\u0628) \u0628\u0640 (\u0633)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0635\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u064a (\u0623) \u0628\u0640 (\u0644)\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u0628\u0640 (\u0635) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0631\u0636 (\u0628)\u060c \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 (\u0643) \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a:<\/p>\n

\u0643 \u00d7 \u0644(\u0643)<\/p>\n

\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640<\/p>\n

\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0642\u0627\u064b<\/p>\n

\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u064a\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646: \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0641\u064a (\u0623)\u060c \u0627\u0648 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u064a (\u0628)\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u0628\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0636\u0631\u0628\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0641\u064a (\u0623) \u0645\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0635\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u061b \u0645\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u064a (\u0628) \u0645\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0635\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636. \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0632\u064a \u0633\u0646\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n

\u0643 \u00d7 \u0644(\u0643)<\/p>\n

\u0643 (\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0629) =\u00a0 \u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640<\/p>\n

\u0643 \u00d7 \u0644 + \u0633 \u00d7 \u0635<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0644\u0648 \u0643\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644 (\u0643) \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0640 (2\\3)\u060c \u0648(\u0644) \u0628\u0640 (4\\5)\u060c \u0648(\u0633) \u0628\u0640 (1\\3)\u060c \u0648(\u0635) \u0628\u0640 (1\\4)\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 (\u0643) \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a:<\/p>\n

2\\3 \u00d7 4\\5<\/p>\n

\u0643 =\u00a0 \u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640<\/p>\n

2\\3 \u00d7 4\\5\u00a0 + 1\\3 \u00d7 1\\4<\/p>\n

\u0643 = 32\\37<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0644\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644 \u0644\u0627\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 (\u0644) \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0627\u064b (5\\37)\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0627\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0642\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a (\u0623) \u0627\u0648 (\u0628)\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0639\u0631\u0641\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0627\u064b. \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0633\u0646\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a:<\/p>\n

1\\3 \u00d7 1\\4<\/p>\n

\u0644 =\u00a0 \u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640<\/p>\n

1\\3 \u00d7 1\\4 + 2\\3 \u00d7 4\\5<\/p>\n

\u0644 = 5\\37<\/p>\n

\u0643 + \u0644 = 32\\37 + 5\\37 = 1<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u064a\u0633 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u0631\u0641\u0639\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0641\u064a (\u0623) \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0640 (2\\3) \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0640 (32\\37)\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062e\u0641\u0636\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0641\u064a (\u0628) \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0639\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629:<\/p>\n

\u0643\\\u0645 \u00d7 \u0644\\\u0645 \u0648 \u0643<\/p>\n

\u0643\\\u0645 \u0648 \u0644 = \u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640<\/p>\n

\u0644\\\u0645<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0643\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 (\u0643\\\u0645) \u0648(\u0644\\\u0645) \u0647\u064a (\u0633\\\u0645) \u0648(\u0635\\\u0645)\u060c \u0641\u0633\u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d:<\/p>\n

\u0644\\\u0645 = \u0643\\\u0645 \u00d7 \u0644\\\u0645 \u0648 \u0643 + \u0633\\\u0645 \u00d7 \u0635\\\u0645 \u0648 \u0633<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a:<\/p>\n

\u0643\\\u0645 \u00d7 \u0644\\\u0645 \u0648 \u0643<\/p>\n

\u0643 = \u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u062a\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640<\/p>\n

\u0643\\\u0645 \u00d7 \u0644\\\u0645 \u0648 \u0643 + \u0633\\\u0645 \u00d7 \u0635\/\u0645 \u0648 \u0633<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0647\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0638 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0641\u0629\u060c \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0641\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u0628\u0631 \u0642\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0639\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a[14]<\/a>.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0647\u064a \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0646 \u062a\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0636\u062f \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0647\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0647\u0645\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a. \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0643\u0644\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u064a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0647 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u0628\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0646 (\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f) \u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0635\u063a\u0631.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u064a\u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0642\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0631\u0645\u0632\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0640 (\u0633) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0640 (\u0644) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0640 (\u062d) \u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 (\u0633) \u0647\u064a \u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0642\u0633\u0645\u0629 (\u0644) \u0639\u0644\u0649 (\u062d)\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0644\\\u062d.<\/p>\n

\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0646\u0635 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0648 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0634\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632\u060c \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632\u060c \u0641\u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 (\u0633) \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 (\u0633) = \u0644\\\u062d<\/p>\n

\u062d\u064a\u062b (\u0644) \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0644\u0647\u0627 (\u0633)\u060c \u0648(\u062d) \u0647\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0633\u0631 (\u0644\\\u062d) \u0631\u0645\u0632\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0641\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 (\u0633).<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0630\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0630\u0647\u0628\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0647\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0633\u064a\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629..<\/p>\n

\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u062a\u0647 \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636\u0629. \u0648\u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0635\u064a\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0641\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062d\u0642 \u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0624\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0647 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629\u061f<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0633\u064a\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0632\u061b \u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0627\u0630 \u062a\u0642\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 (\u0633) \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u061b \u0641\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0649: \u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0644\u0647\u0627 (\u0633) \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0627\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629. \u0623\u064a \u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0640 (\u0644\\\u062d).<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0626 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646 (\u0633) \u0642\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0644 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0641\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0635\u0641\u0631\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0641\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0643\u0633\u0631\u0627\u064b \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629: \u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0632\u0645\u062a (\u0633) \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u0627\u0646: \u0644\\\u062d = 1.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629: \u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a (\u0633) \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0632\u0645 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0623\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0641\u0627\u0646: \u0644\\\u062d = \u0635\u0641\u0631.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0629: \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f (\u0644) \u0648(\u0643) \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064b \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u063a\u0644\u0647 \u0643\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a. \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 (\u0644) \u0648(\u0643) \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 (\u0644) \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 (\u062d) \u0645\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 (\u0643) \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 (\u062d) \u0648(\u0644). \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641.<\/p>\n

\u0641\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062a\u0648\u0623\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0641\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0648 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u0637\u060c \u0627\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0627\u0631. \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0632\u0639\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n

\u0641\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u064a:<\/p>\n

1\u0640 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631.<\/p>\n

2\u0640 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0635\u0641\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a:<\/p>\n

1\u0640 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631.<\/p>\n

2\u0640 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0635\u0641\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0644\u0648 \u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627\u061b \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u064a\u0634\u062a\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648 \u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a:<\/p>\n

1\u0640 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n

2\u0640 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0635\u0641\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n

3\u0640 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0635\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a.<\/p>\n

4\u0640 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0635\u0641\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0633\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a.<\/p>\n

\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0647 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0640 (1\\4). \u0648\u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064b \u062a\u0634\u063a\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629\u061b \u0644\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a (1\\4)\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0644\u0648 \u0623\u0636\u0641\u0646\u0627 \u0635\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u0631\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0648\u062b\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0646\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u064a\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a:<\/p>\n

1\u0640 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0635\u0641\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 (\u0623).<\/p>\n

2\u0640 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0635\u0641\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u0641\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 (\u0628).<\/p>\n

3\u0640 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0635\u0641\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0648\u062b\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 (\u062c).<\/p>\n

4\u0640 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0635\u0641\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0648\u062b\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u0641\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 (\u062f).<\/p>\n

\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0628\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a:<\/p>\n

1\u0640 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0635\u0641\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 (\u0623\u064e).<\/p>\n

2\u0640 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0635\u0641\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u0641\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 (\u0628\u064e).<\/p>\n

3\u0640 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0635\u0641\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0648\u062b\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 (\u062c\u064e).<\/p>\n

4\u0640 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0635\u0641\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0648\u062b\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u0641\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 (\u062f\u064e).<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a:<\/p>\n

1\u0640 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639 (\u0623) \u0648(\u0623\u064e).<\/p>\n

2\u0640 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639 (\u0623) \u0648(\u0628\u064e).<\/p>\n

3\u0640 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639 (\u0623) \u0648(\u062c\u064e).<\/p>\n

4\u0640 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639 (\u0623) \u0648(\u062f\u064e).<\/p>\n

5\u0640 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639 (\u0628) \u0648(\u0623\u064e).<\/p>\n

6\u0640 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639 (\u0628) \u0648(\u0628\u064e).<\/p>\n

7\u0640 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639 (\u0628) \u0648(\u062c\u064e).<\/p>\n

8\u0640 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639 (\u0628) \u0648(\u062f\u064e).<\/p>\n

9\u0640 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639 (\u062c) \u0648(\u0623\u064e).<\/p>\n

10\u0640 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639 (\u062c) \u0648(\u0628\u064e).<\/p>\n

11\u0640 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639 (\u062c) \u0648(\u062c\u064e).<\/p>\n

12\u0640 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639 (\u062c) \u0648(\u062f\u064e).<\/p>\n

13\u0640 \u0627\u062c\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0639 (\u062f) \u0648(\u0623\u064e).<\/p>\n

14\u0640 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639 (\u062f) \u0648(\u0628\u064e).<\/p>\n

15\u0640 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639 (\u062f) \u0648(\u062c\u064e).<\/p>\n

16\u0640 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639 (\u062f) \u0648(\u062f\u064e).<\/p>\n

\u0641\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631\u061b \u0641\u0633\u0646\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0636\u0645\u00a0 \u0633\u062a\u0629 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0637\u0631\u0641\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u064b. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639 (\u0623) \u0648(\u0623\u064e) \u0647\u0648 (1\\16).<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0630 \u0647\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a:<\/p>\n

1\\4 + 1\\4 = 1\\16<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633\u0629: \u0639\u0631\u0641\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0623\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 (\u0644) \u0627\u0648 (\u0643) \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 (\u062d) \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 (\u0644) \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 (\u062d) \u064a\u0636\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 (\u0643) \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 (\u062d) \u0645\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 (\u0644) \u0648(\u0643) \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n

\u0641\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0639 (\u0623) \u0623\u0648 (\u0623\u064e) – \u0627\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0644 – \u0641\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0646\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0641\u0642\u0637\u060c \u0647\u064a \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0639\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0641\u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0640 (7\\16). \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a:<\/p>\n

\u062d (\u0623\u060c \u0623\u064e) = 1\\4 + 1\\4 – (1\\4 \u00d7 1\\4) = 1\\2 – 1\\16 = 7\\16<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0641\u0633\u0631 \u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0646\u0642\u0635\u064a\u0646: \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0629\u061b \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u064a\u0639\u0628\u0651\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0642 \u0646\u0627\u0642\u0635 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0647\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0641\u0633\u0631 \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0647\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0633\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f (1).<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0641\u0636\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628\u064a\u0646:<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644: \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a: \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0649.<\/p>\n

\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0641\u0633\u0631 \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0647\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0641\u0633\u0631 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u064a\u063a\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0633\u0646\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0646 \u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0647\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u062a\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u064a\u0633\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0638\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d:<\/p>\n

\u0641\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u062d\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0628 (\u0623\u060c \u0628\u060c \u062c)\u060c \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0643\u0631\u0627\u062a\u061b \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0621. \u0648\u0644\u0646\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0628\u0629 (\u0623) \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0643\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0636\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0628\u0629 (\u0628) \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0643\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0636\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0628\u0629 (\u062c) \u0627\u064a \u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0627\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0636. \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0648 \u0627\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0627\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0643\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0636 \u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0633\u0648\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0646 \u0646\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0638\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u064a\u0633. \u0641\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0631\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0628\u0629 (\u062c) \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a (\u062d) \u062a\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0631\u0645\u0632\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u062d\u0628 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0628\u0629 (\u0623) \u0628\u0640 (\u0633) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 (\u0628) \u0628\u0640 (\u0635) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 (\u0628)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 (\u062c) \u0628\u0640 (\u0639) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 (\u062c)\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u064a\u0633 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a:<\/p>\n

\u062d(\u062c \u00d7 \u0639)<\/p>\n

\u062d(\u062c) = \u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640<\/p>\n

\u062d(\u062c \u00d7 \u0639) + \u062d(\u0623 \u00d7 \u0633) + \u062d(\u0628 \u00d7 \u0635)<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0646 \u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0628\u0629 (\u0623) \u0644\u0647 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0643\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0636 \u0641\u0642\u0637\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0628 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0639\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0627\u064b. \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0628\u0629 (\u0628) \u0641\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0636\u0645 \u0627\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0643\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0636\u060c \u0641\u0633\u062d\u0628 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0628\u0629 (\u062c) \u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0644\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0636\u0645 \u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0643\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0636\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u0648\u0627 \u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0646 \u0646\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 (\u062c) \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a:<\/p>\n

1\\3 \u00d7 10\\10<\/p>\n

\u062d(\u062c) = \u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640<\/p>\n

1\\3 \u00d7 10\\10 + 1\\3 \u00d7 1\\10 + 1\\3 \u00d7 4\\10<\/p>\n

\u062d(\u062c) = 10\\15 = 2\\3<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0641\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0647\u064a (15) \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0628\u0629 (\u0623)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0628\u0629 (\u0628)\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0634\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0628\u0629 (\u062c). \u0648\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0637\u0631\u0641\u0627\u064b \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646 (\u0623) \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0644 (\u0628) \u0627\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062a\u0644 (\u062c) \u0639\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 (\u0623) \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u062d\u0628\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0636 \u0647\u064a (1\\15)\u060c \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 (\u0628) \u0647\u064a (4\\15)\u060c \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 (\u062c) \u0647\u064a (10\\15) \u0627\u0648 (2\\3).<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u062d\u062f\u062f\u0647 \u0644\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629: (\u0645+ 1\\\u0646 + 1).<\/p>\n

\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 (\u062c) = 4\\6\u00a0 = 2\\3 .<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u064a \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629: (\u0645 + 1\\\u0645 + 2)\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a (4\\5). \u0648\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0641\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647: (\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0633\u062d\u0628 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0643\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0636\u0631\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0634\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0636\u0648\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0644 24 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a 24\\30 = 4\\5)[15]<\/a>.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0648\u0644\u064a<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0634\u0647\u062f\u062a\u0647 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u064a\u062f \u062c\u0627\u0643\u0648\u0628 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0648\u0644\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0633\u0646\u0629 1705). \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0628\u0630\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0645 (\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0645\u064a\u0646)\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0647 (\u0633\u0646\u0629 1692) \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0637\u0645\u0626\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u064f\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0648\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645 (\u0633\u0646\u0629 1713)[16]<\/a>.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0645\u0644\u062e\u0635 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0627\u0648 \u062a\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0637\u064a \u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0632\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u062f. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u062c\u0633\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u0648\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u062b\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0642. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0641\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0643 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0627\u064b \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0630\u0628\u0630\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0631\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0628\u0630\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u0644\u0627 \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0633\u0645\u064a\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629[17]<\/a>. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0643\u064a\u0646\u0632 \u062a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0629[18]<\/a>.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0645\u064a \u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f:<\/p>\n

\u0644\u0646\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a (1\\2) \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0633\u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a:<\/p>\n

1\u0640 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n

2\u0640 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n

3\u0640 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0641\u0642\u0637.<\/p>\n

4\u0640 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n

5\u0640 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u062f\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0647 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0628\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0642\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u060c \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a..<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0642\u0647 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u061b \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0625\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0644\u0647 \u0633\u062a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0639\u062f\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0642\u0647 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0633\u062a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0625\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u060c \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u060c \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u060c \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u060c \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0625\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u060c \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u060c \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u060c \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639.<\/p>\n

\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0647\u064a \u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0636\u0645 \u0633\u062a \u0639\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u064a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0646\u0635\u0641\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062d\u0638\u0649 \u0628\u0623\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0639 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n

\u0646!<\/p>\n

\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640 \u00d7 (\u0647\u0640)\u0645<\/sup> \u00d7 (1-\u0647\u0640)\u0646-\u0645<\/sup><\/p>\n

\u0645! (\u0646- \u0645)!<\/p>\n

\u062d\u064a\u062b (\u0647\u0640) \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0646 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0640 (6\\16)\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0629. \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a (8\\16)\u060c \u0627\u0648 \u0646\u0635\u0641\u060c \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0639\u062f\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0642 \u064a\u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u064a \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0644\u0648 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0644\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0639 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0637\u0631\u0627\u062f. \u0627\u0630 \u064a\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629. \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627. \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0632\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0641\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0627\u0626\u0629 \u0631\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u064a (48) \u0627\u0648 (49) \u0627\u0648 (51) \u0627\u0648 (52) \u0627\u0648 (53)\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0631\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0648 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0631\u0628\u0639. \u0648\u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0642 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 16% \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 (49\u064051). \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0631\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641 \u0631\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628 47% \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 (490\u0640510). \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0631\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0631\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628 95% \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 (4900\u06405100)\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a[19]<\/a>.<\/p>\n

\u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0642\u0631\u0651\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a \u0647\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0637\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u0644\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0636\u0622\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0647.[20]<\/a><\/p>\n

\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0627\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0644\u0627 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0646\u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u0640 (\u0646)\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 (\u0646) \u0647\u0648 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u064a\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u064a\u0636\u064a\u0642 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u062e\u0630\u062a (\u0646) \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0628\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0644\u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u062a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0646\u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u0640 (\u062d)\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0632 (\u0635) \u064a\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u0629 \u0641\u064a (\u0646) \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0641 \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u00a0 \u0646(\u062d \u0640 \u0635) \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0646(\u062d+\u0635)\u060c \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a (\u0646) \u062a\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629[21]<\/a>.<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0639\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u062e\u0637\u0623\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0646\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062c\u0633\u0631 \u0645\u0645\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0631[22]<\/a>.<\/p>\n

\u062a\u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u0648\u062d \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0648\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0628\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u0629\u060c \u0641\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0641\u0627\u064b \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0648 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644. \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629[23]<\/a>. \u0641\u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u062f\u062b. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0646\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0647\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0646\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u062a\u0646\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0647\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629[24]<\/a>.<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0645\u0627 \u0632\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0646 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0636\u062e\u0645 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u062c\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0644\u0627\u062e\u0631. \u0648\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0646\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0644\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 (1\\2) \u0628\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u064b. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0627\u0637\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0637\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0643\u0627\u0646. \u0627\u0648 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0646\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0649 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0648\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0631\u0627\u062f. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646. \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627\u064b[25]<\/a>.<\/p>\n

\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0648\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0642\u062f \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0636\u0645 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629. \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0631\u0645\u064a \u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u060c \u0639\u0631\u0641\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0633\u062a\u0629 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0637\u0631\u0641\u0627\u064b \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u062a\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632. \u0648\u0644\u0648 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u062f\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0628\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 (1\\2). \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0635\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u062a\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0647. \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0646 \u062a\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629\u061b \u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0636\u0622\u0644\u0629 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u0627\u064a \u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629[26]<\/a>:<\/p>\n

\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0644\u0647 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632<\/p>\n

\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u064a\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0628 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f<\/p>\n

\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a<\/p>\n

\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u061b \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0636\u0626\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644. \u0641\u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0637\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629. \u0627\u0630 \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0642. \u0648\u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u064a \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u064a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0626\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n

\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0648\u062d\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0635\u0641\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629. \u0641\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u064b \u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0641\u0633\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u062b\u0629 (\u0623) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0640 (2\\3) \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n

\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0628\u0651\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 (\u0623) \u0645\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a\u061b \u0641\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0636\u0645 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641\u060c \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0647 (\u0623) \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0647\u0627. \u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u064a\u0646\u0634\u0623 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u0629 (\u0623). \u0648\u0628\u0636\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u0629 (\u0623) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0647 (2\\3)[27]<\/a>.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0648 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0648 \u0636\u0631\u0628\u0646\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a \u0630\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0640 (12) \u0639\u0636\u0648\u0627\u064b\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u064f\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u0629 (\u0623) \u062b\u0644\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0641\u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0642\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a:<\/p>\n

1\u0640 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 (\u0623) \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637.<\/p>\n

2\u0640 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 (\u0623) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n

3 \u0640 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 (\u0623) \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u062a\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644 (2) \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0642\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0625\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 (\u0623) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 (1) \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0627\u0630 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0642 (4). \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0636\u0631\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a \u0646\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 (12) \u0637\u0631\u0641\u0627\u064b \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0632\u0639 \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645\u0647.<\/p>\n

\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0641 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0642. \u0641\u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u0629 \u0646\u0635\u0641\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0644\u0627\u0628\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0636\u0631\u0628 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u064a \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0647 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0642\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629:<\/p>\n

(\u0647\u0640)\u0645<\/sup> \u00d7 (1-\u0647\u0640)\u0646-\u0645<\/sup><\/p>\n

\u062d\u064a\u062b (\u0647\u0640) \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u0629\u060c \u0648(\u0646) \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636\u0629\u060c \u0648(\u0645) \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u0629[28]<\/a>. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645 \u0641\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u064a \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n

\u0646!<\/p>\n

\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640 \u00d7 (\u0647\u0640)\u0645<\/sup> \u00d7 (1-\u0647\u0640)\u0646-\u0645<\/sup><\/p>\n

\u0645! (\u0646- \u0645)!<\/p>\n

\u0641\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0648:<\/p>\n

2!<\/p>\n

\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640 \u00d7 2\\3 \u00d7 1\\3 = 4\\9<\/p>\n

1 \u00d7 1<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0647\u0648:<\/p>\n

2!<\/p>\n

\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640 \u00d7 4\\9 \u00d7 1 = 4\\9<\/p>\n

2! \u00a0\u00d71<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0647\u0648:<\/p>\n

2!<\/p>\n

\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640 \u00d7 1 \u00d7 1\\9 = 1\\9<\/p>\n

1 \u00d7 2<\/p>\n

\n

\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u062b\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0627\u064b. \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u0645\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0647\u064a (8\\12) \u0627\u0648 (2\\3)\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0647\u064a (4\\9).<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u0633\u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0633\u062a\u0629 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0627\u064b. \u0648\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0636\u0631\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 (48) \u0639\u0636\u0648\u0627\u064b\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u0629 (\u0623) \u062b\u0644\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627. \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0647\u064a (81)\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0632\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0638\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n

1\u0640 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 (\u0623) \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0639:<\/p>\n

4!<\/p>\n

\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640 \u00d7 16\\81 \u00d7 1 = 16\\81<\/p>\n

4! (4 – 4)!<\/p>\n

2\u0640 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0639 (\u0623) \u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0642\u0627\u064b:<\/p>\n

4!<\/p>\n

\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640 \u00d7 1 \u00d7 1\\81 = 1\\81<\/p>\n

\u0635\u0641\u0631! (4 – 0)!<\/p>\n

3\u0640 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0639 (\u0623) \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637:<\/p>\n

4!<\/p>\n

\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640 \u00d7 2\\3 \u00d7 1\\27 =\u00a0 8\\81<\/p>\n

1! (4 – 1)!<\/p>\n

4\u0640 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0639 (\u0623) \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u062a\u064a\u0646:<\/p>\n

4!<\/p>\n

\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640 \u00d7 4\\9 \u00d7 1\\9 = 24\\81<\/p>\n

2! (4 – 2)!<\/p>\n

5\u0640 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0639 (\u0623) \u0641\u064a \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628:<\/p>\n

4!<\/p>\n

\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640 \u00d7 8\\27 \u00d7 1\\3 = 32\\81<\/p>\n

3! (4 – 3)!<\/p>\n

\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u064a\u062d\u0638\u0649 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0623\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u062b\u0644\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0646\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0645\u0628\u0631\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u062a\u0628\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0648\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0632\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0629. \u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0646 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062a\u0628\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0649 \u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0635\u0644.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0641\u0642\u0637\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0635\u0651 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0647[29]<\/a>.<\/p>\n

\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0643\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0636\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0636\u0648 \u063a\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c. \u0648\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0646\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u062d\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u0641\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u063a\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0641\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627\u061f<\/p>\n

\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 – \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0648 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642\u0629 – \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a (1\\3). \u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0629. \u0641\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u0637\u060c \u0647\u0645\u0627 \u062d\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062d\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 – \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u0642\u0631\u064a – \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 (1\\2) \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a (1\\3).<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0623\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u064a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u0646\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0644\u064a. \u0641\u0643\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0627\u0628\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u060c \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0644\u0648 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0644\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0641\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0648\u0632 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u064f\u0636\u0645 \u0627\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0624\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0642\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a.<\/p>\n

\u0641\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u064b \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0630 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u062f… \u0627\u0644\u062e. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0646\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0631\u064a\u062f \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u061b \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0648 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u062d\u062f\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0647 \u0622\u0646\u0641\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u062a\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a: \u0644\u0627\u0628\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0627\u064b[30]<\/a>. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0636\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u064a\u0646\u0632 \u0644\u064a\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0642\u062a \u0628\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u062a\u0647 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 (\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629). \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0635\u062d \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0628 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0630 \u062a\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0622\u062e\u0631. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0628 \u064a\u0635\u062d \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u061b \u0644\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u0628\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0635\u062d \u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0647 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0629. \u0648\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a:<\/p>\n

\u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0649 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0631\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0628 \u0633\u064a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641\u061b \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0639\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0646. \u0641\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u0636\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0631\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0642\u0637\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u0633\u064a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u064a \u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0646\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0646 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0639 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0633 (1) \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631\u060c \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0633\u062a\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u062a\u064a\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0644\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u062f\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u0622\u0633 (1). \u0627\u0630 \u0633\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0623\u062a\u064a:<\/p>\n

1\u0640 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633 (1).<\/p>\n

2\u0640 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633 (2).<\/p>\n

3\u0640 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633 (3).<\/p>\n

4\u0640 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633 (4).<\/p>\n

5\u0640 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633 (5).<\/p>\n

6\u0640 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633 (6).<\/p>\n

7\u0640 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633 (1).<\/p>\n

8\u0640 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633 (2).<\/p>\n

9\u0640 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633 (3).<\/p>\n

10\u0640 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633 (4).<\/p>\n

11\u0640 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633 (5).<\/p>\n

12\u0640 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633 (6).<\/p>\n

\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633 (1)\u061b \u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a: (2) \u0648(3) \u0648(4) \u0648(5) \u0648(6) \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u0639\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 (1\\7)\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0641. \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0633\u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633 (1) \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0640 (2\\7)\u060c \u0627\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u061b \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u064f\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0640 (1\\6). \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646[31]<\/a>.<\/p>\n

\u0628\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u061b \u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062e\u0636\u0639 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0628\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0646\u0642\u0635\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0641\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646 (\u0646) \u0648(\u0645)\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0645 (\u0646) \u064a\u0636\u0645\u00a0 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0637\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u062f\u064e \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062b\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0646\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u0646\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0639 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0631\u062c\u064a\u062d \u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0642\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a (\u0623) \u0648(\u0628) \u0648(\u062c).. \u0627\u0644\u062e\u061b \u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0647\u0627 (1\\10). \u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0641 \u062a\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0648 \u0634\u0643\u0643\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u062f\u062f \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a\u061b \u0641\u0647\u0644 \u0647\u064a \u0639\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f –\u00a0 \u0646\u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647 (\u0647\u0640) – \u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0641\u064a (\u0646) \u0627\u0648 (\u0645) \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0627\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a (1\\2). \u0648\u0628\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0648 \u0643\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0642\u064a\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f (\u0647\u0640) \u0641\u064a (\u0646) \u0644\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0642\u0648\u062f \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a (1\\11). \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0646\u0634\u0643 \u0628\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0641\u064a (\u0646) \u0641\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0645 (\u0646)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f (\u0647\u0640) \u0641\u064a (\u0646) \u0623\u0648 (\u0645). \u0648\u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f (\u0647\u0640) \u0641\u064a (\u0645) \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 (\u0647\u0640) \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0645 (\u0646).<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0646 (\u0647\u0640) \u0641\u064a (\u0645)\u061b \u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0633\u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0641\u064a (\u0646)\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0644 – \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b – \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0642\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n

\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0626\u0632 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u0646\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0646 (\u0647\u0640) \u0645\u0646 (\u0646) \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f (\u0647\u0640) \u0641\u064a (\u0645)\u061f<\/p>\n

\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062c\u0627\u0626\u0632\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 (\u0647\u0640) \u0645\u0646 (\u0646) \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0641\u064a (\u0645). \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0649. \u0648\u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0628 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n

\u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0642\u064a\u0645\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631\u062a \u0627\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0645\u0627.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a: (\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0648\u062c\u062f\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0646\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0648 \u0646\u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a \u0637\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u061b \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0635\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0628\u0631\u0631 \u0644\u0636\u0631\u0628 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b)[32]<\/a>.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0628 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0631. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u0628\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a:<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0649: \u0647\u0648 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0628\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0643\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062c\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a (\u0646)\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0631 – \u0623\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644 -\u060c \u0643\u0625\u0646 \u0646\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0634\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u062f\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0646 (\u0647\u0640). \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u064a\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0623\u0648 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0631 – \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0646 (\u0647\u0640) – \u0628\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0629 – \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a (\u0646) – \u0641\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u064a\u062f \u0637\u0631\u0641\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629: \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0628\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0646\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0635\u062f\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062d\u062f \u0637\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u064a\u062d\u061b \u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u064a\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0648 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u064a \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0647\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0631\u0641\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644.<\/p>\n

\u0641\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0648 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0645 (\u0646) \u064a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u062c\u064a\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0642\u062f \u0641\u064f\u0642\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0648 (\u0623) \u0627\u0648 (\u0647\u0640) \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u064a\u062d\u061b \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u064a\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0648 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0646 (\u0647\u0640) \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a (\u0646) \u0641\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0647 \u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0631\u0641\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644[33]<\/a>.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629. \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637\u0629. \u0641\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0646 (\u0647\u0640) \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0636\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u064a (\u0646) \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627. \u0641\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u064a (\u0646) \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a (1\\2) \u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0642\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a:<\/p>\n

1\\2 \u00d7 1\\11 = 1\\22 = 11\\242<\/p>\n

\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u064a \u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0647\u064a (1 \u064823\\242). \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0636.<\/p>\n

\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0628. \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0644\u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f (\u0647\u0640) \u0641\u064a (\u0646) \u0647\u064a (3\\4)\u060c \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0636\u0631\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0641\u064a (\u0646)\u061b \u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a:<\/p>\n

3\\4 \u00d7 1 = 3\\4<\/p>\n

\u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645 \u0641\u0644\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644. \u0648\u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062e\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629[34]<\/a>. \u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0636\u0627\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a:<\/p>\n

\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u0635 \u062e\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u0626\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u061b \u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0628\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n

\u0641\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0642\u0637\u0639\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0631\u0636\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627 \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0639 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f – \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0631\u0645\u064a\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064b -\u060c \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629.. \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0627\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u064a\u0644\u0632\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629\u061b \u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0622\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u062a\u064a \u0648\u062c\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u062a\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0622\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0632\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0634\u0643 \u0627\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a:<\/p>\n

\u0644\u0646\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633 (1) \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0622\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0639 \u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629. \u0623\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a:<\/p>\n

1\\4 \u00d7 1\\2 = 1\\8<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u0622\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0639 \u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0623\u064a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0622\u0633\u064a\u0646 (5) \u0648(6) \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n

1\\2 \u00d7 1\\2 = 1\\4<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0644\u0648 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0622\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0636 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n

1\\8 \u00d7 4 + 1\\4 \u00d7 2 = 1<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0628.<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0643\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0642\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628. \u0641\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0633 (1) \u0645\u0642\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u0633 (6) \u0645\u0642\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0643\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0642\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0639\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u0625\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a: (\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0639 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0642\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0621 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0632\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u062f)[35]<\/a>.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u064a<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u0642\u0633\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u062d\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0643\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0646\u0627: \u0625\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0647\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u062c\u0633\u061b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u062c\u0647\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u062c\u0633 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u0634\u0631\u0637\u064a \u0643\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0646\u0627: \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0647\u0648 RNA \u060c \u0641\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0645\u0627 mRNA\u00a0 \u0627\u0648 tRNA\u00a0 \u0627\u0648 rRNA .<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u064a \u0646\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0634\u0631\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a:<\/p>\n

1\u0640 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u00a0 RNA\u00a0\u00a0 \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u00a0\u00a0mRNA.<\/p>\n

2\u0640 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u00a0 RNA\u00a0 \u0641\u0647\u0648\u00a0 tRNA .<\/p>\n

3\u0640 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u00a0 RNA\u00a0 \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u00a0\u00a0rRNA.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u062a\u0639\u0628\u0651\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0645\u0639 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a\u060c \u064a\u062a\u062d\u062a\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a RNA\u00a0 \u0623\u0648 \u0647\u0648 DNA\u061b \u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0633\u062a\u0641\u0642\u062f \u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0627\u0630 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0639\u0631\u0641\u0646\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u064a\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0633 mRNA \u0648\u0644\u0627 tRNA \u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0633\u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0636 \u0647\u0648 \u00a0RNA\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0636 \u00a0DNA\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u062a\u0643\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0636\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646 mRNA \u00a0\u0648 tRNA .<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0645\u064a\u0651\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0628\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0644\u0627\u00a0 \u0646\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0634\u0631\u0637\u064a \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u064a\u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621\u0647 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639. \u0641\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0648 \u0643\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0643\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0636 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0628\u0629\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0637\u0631\u062d\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0646\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644: \u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u0623\u064a\u0651 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0627\u062a \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u061f \u0641\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0644\u0646\u0627 \u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621\u0627\u064b \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u061b \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u0645\u064a \u0623\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0644\u0647 \u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639.<\/p>\n

\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u064a\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0637\u0628\u0651\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0628\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0630 \u0630\u0643\u0631 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644: (\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0628\u0629 (\u0646) \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0643\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0642\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 (1) \u0627\u0644\u0649 (10) \u0642\u062f \u062c\u0645\u0639\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0633\u062d\u0628\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0639 \u0643\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 (1) \u0627\u0644\u0649 (9)\u060c \u0648\u0631\u0623\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0637\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0631\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0625\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0629 (1) \u0648\u0625\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0629 (2) \u0648\u0625\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0629 (3) \u0648\u0625\u0645\u0627.. \u0648\u0625\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0629 (10). \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0634\u0631\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621: \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0629 (1)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0629 (2)\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627.. \u0648\u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0646\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0629 (1) \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0629 (9) \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0631\u0623\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0639 \u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a: \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0639 \u062a\u0628\u0631\u0647\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0639\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0646 \u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621\u0647\u0627 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u060c \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a. \u0648\u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629. \u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u062e\u0637\u0623\u064b\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0629 (10) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u064a \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0643\u0631\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0625\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0629 (1)\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0629 (2)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062e. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u064a \u064a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u0626 \u0639\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0639\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0636 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0635\u0644\u062d \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0627\u064b \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629)[36]<\/a> .<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0648 \u0635\u062f\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u062f\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0644\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0623 \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u064a \u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0633\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062d\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0639\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u0631\u0629 \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639.<\/p>\n

\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0646 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621\u0627\u064b \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0639 \u0645\u0627 \u0632\u0627\u0644 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0641\u062a\u0642\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0648 \u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f\u0627\u064b \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0643\u0627\u0630\u0628 \u0644\u0627 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u064b. \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u0635\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u064a \u0630\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u064a \u0630\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639[37]<\/a>.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0648 \u0646\u062c\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0644\u0629. \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631<\/a> \u0627\u0646 \u064a\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0639\u0649 \u0628\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642[38]<\/a>. \u0648\u0643\u0631\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0631\u0627\u062f \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0643\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u062d\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0625\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0643\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0636\u060c \u0627\u0648 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0643\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0636\u060c \u0627\u0648 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0636\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0646 \u0633\u062d\u0628\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621. \u0648\u0644\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0643\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0636\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0648 \u0633\u062d\u0628\u0646\u0627 \u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u0631\u0622\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0646 \u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0636 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629[39]<\/a>. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641 \u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 – \u0641\u0642\u0637 – \u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0641\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u064a \u064a\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0648 \u0633\u062d\u0628\u0646\u0627 – \u0639\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b – \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u062f\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0636 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0641\u0633\u0648\u0641 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0640 (1\\2)\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639.<\/p>\n

\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u064f\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0647\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633 (\u0633\u0646\u0629 1883) \u0648\u0641\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0634\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0646 wittgenstein \u00a0(\u0633\u0646\u0629 1921)\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0643\u064a\u0646\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062d\u062f \u0641\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647 (\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644)\u060c \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0643\u062f \u0628\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u062a\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0637\u064f\u0631\u062d\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u062c\u0644 \u062d\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0648\u0633\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629[40]<\/a>. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u064b \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0647. \u0641\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0631\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627. \u0641\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a \u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0631\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0628\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0633\u0628\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u0628\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0649. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0641\u0646\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u062f\u062b \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f. \u0641\u062a\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u062f\u062b \u064a\u0632\u0648\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629[41]<\/a>. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0628\u0631\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u063a\u0641\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u064a\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u063a\u0646\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632.<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0628\u060c \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u064a\u0641\u0631\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645 \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0639\u062f\u0627\u064b\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0644\u063a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0641\u0633\u064a\u0633\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0628.<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0635 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 (\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u064a \u064a\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0635\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0627\u064b \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a: \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 – \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u064a – \u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639)[42]<\/a>.<\/p>\n

\u0641\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0644\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0636\u0628\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0648\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0627\u064b. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u062f \u0644\u0627\u0642\u0649 – \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 – \u0639\u062f\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0627\u062e\u0630\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u064a\u062d\u064a\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f<\/p>\n

[1]<\/a> Bruno De. Finetti, \u2018Foresight: Its Logical Laws, Its Subjective Sources\u2019, in Kyburg and Smokler, Studies in Subjective Probability, 1937, printed in the U.S.A, 1964, p156.\u00a0 .<\/p>\n

[2]<\/a>\u00a0 Clark Glymour, \u2018Why I am not a Bayesian\u2019, Theory and Evidence, 1981,The Philosophy of Science, ed. by David Papineau, Oxford University Press, New York, 1996, p. 292.<\/p>\n

[3]<\/a> \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0635393 \u0648394.<\/p>\n

[4]<\/a> F.N. David, Games, Gods and Gambling, Printed in (UK), Glascow, ed.1, 1962, p.34\u064035.<\/p>\n

[5]<\/a> Ian Hacking, The Emergency of Probability, First Published 1975, First Paper Back Edition 1984, Cambridge University Press, p.6\u06407.<\/p>\n

[6]<\/a> M.A. Todhunter, A History of the Mathematical Theory of Probability, Chelsea Publishing Company, New York, 1949.<\/p>\n

[7]<\/a> William Kneale, Probability and Induction, First Edition 1949, Reprinted 1963, At The University Press, Oxford, p.123.\u00a0 .<\/p>\n

[8]<\/a> A. C. King and C. B. Read, Pathways to Probability, Printed in the U.S.A, 1963, p.22.<\/p>\n

[9]<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0 David; p.34.\u00a0 .<\/p>\n

[10]<\/a> Rudolf Carnap, \u2018Statistical and Inductive Probability\u2019, in: Madden, The Structure of Scientific Thought, Great Britian, 1968, p.271\u0640272.<\/p>\n

[11]<\/a> Hacking; p.15\u064016 and 143.\u00a0 .<\/p>\n

[12]<\/a> Russell;1948, p.357\u0640363. Also: J. R. Lucas, The Concept of Probability, Oxford University Press, 1970, p.27.<\/p>\n

[13]<\/a> Russell; 1948; p.365.<\/p>\n

[14]<\/a> R. A. R. Tricker, The Assessment of Scientific Speculation, Great Britian, 1965, p.63. Also Lucas; p161.<\/p>\n

[15]<\/a> \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631\u060c \u0635213.<\/p>\n

[16]<\/a> Hacking; p.143.<\/p>\n

[17]<\/a>\u00a0 Popper; p.180.<\/p>\n

[18]<\/a> Mariana Belis, \u2018On the Causal Strucure of Random Processes\u2019, in: Logic, Language and Probability, Holland, D. Reidel Publishing Company, 1973, p.67.<\/p>\n

[19]<\/a> Mises; p.108.<\/p>\n

[20]<\/a> \u00a0\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0642 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0648\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0646\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c 2005\u0645.<\/p>\n

[21]<\/a> Mises; p.105.<\/p>\n

[22]<\/a> Kneale; p.139\u0640140.<\/p>\n

[23]<\/a> Hacking; p.155.<\/p>\n

[24]<\/a> Lucas; p.162.<\/p>\n

[25]<\/a> Kneale; p.141.<\/p>\n

[26]<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0635215\u0640216.<\/p>\n

[27]<\/a> \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638: \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0635218. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0646 (\u0623) \u062a\u062d\u0638\u0649 \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0637\u0631\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0631\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 (2\\3) \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0630 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0631\u0641\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0631 \u0628\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0632\u0627\u062f \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u062f.<\/p>\n

[28]<\/a> \u064a\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0635\u062d \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u0624\u0643\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0648 \u0635\u0641\u0631\u0627\u064b. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u0629 \u0646\u0635\u0641\u0627\u064b \u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u064a\u0638\u0644 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631.<\/p>\n

[29]<\/a> \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638: \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0635200.<\/p>\n

[30]<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0635208.<\/p>\n

[31]<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635224\u0640225.<\/p>\n

[32]<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635230.<\/p>\n

[33]<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635231\u0640234.<\/p>\n

[34]<\/a> \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631\u060c \u0647\u0627\u0645\u0634 \u0635238.<\/p>\n

[35]<\/a> \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631\u060c \u0635234\u0640237.<\/p>\n

[36]<\/a> \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631\u060c \u0635244\u0640245.<\/p>\n

[37]<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635239\u0640244.<\/p>\n

[38]<\/a> \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631\u060c \u0635295\u0640299.<\/p>\n

[39]<\/a> \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631\u060c \u0635312.<\/p>\n

[40]<\/a> Carnap; p.277.<\/p>\n

[41]<\/a> Henry E Jr. Kyburg, and Howard E. Smokler, Studies in Subjective Probability, printed in the U.S.A, 1964, p.13<\/p>\n

[42]<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0635246.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u062a\u0645\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0646 (\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629) \u0647\u064a \u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0644 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0627\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0646\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0646 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":12363,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[10,2],"tags":[1537,1539,126,930,1538,1536],"class_list":["post-10715","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-logic","category-article","tag-1537","tag-1539","tag-126","tag-930","tag-1538","tag-1536"],"yoast_head":"\n\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631 - \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631 - \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0646 (\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629) \u0647\u064a \u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0644 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0627\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar\/2021\/12\/03\/\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644-\u0639\u0644\u0649-\u0648\u0641\u0642-\u0645\u0630\u0647\u0628-\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631-\u0627\u0644\u0635\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ar_AR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631 - \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0646 (\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629) \u0647\u064a \u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0644 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0627\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar\/2021\/12\/03\/\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644-\u0639\u0644\u0649-\u0648\u0641\u0642-\u0645\u0630\u0647\u0628-\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631-\u0627\u0644\u0635\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2021-12-03T07:41:38+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2022-03-16T08:07:26+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/photo1645434296.jpeg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"750\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"342\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"-\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u0643\u064f\u062a\u0628 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"-\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0631\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"77 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar\/2021\/12\/03\/%d9%86%d8%b8%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%ad%d8%aa%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%84-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%89-%d9%88%d9%81%d9%82-%d9%85%d8%b0%d9%87%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%81%d9%83%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b5\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar\/2021\/12\/03\/%d9%86%d8%b8%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%ad%d8%aa%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%84-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%89-%d9%88%d9%81%d9%82-%d9%85%d8%b0%d9%87%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%81%d9%83%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b5\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"-\",\"@id\":\"http:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar\/#\/schema\/person\/64005fda921fb82ce2cbf238f1df8a7a\"},\"headline\":\"\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631\",\"datePublished\":\"2021-12-03T07:41:38+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2022-03-16T08:07:26+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar\/2021\/12\/03\/%d9%86%d8%b8%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%ad%d8%aa%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%84-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%89-%d9%88%d9%81%d9%82-%d9%85%d8%b0%d9%87%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%81%d9%83%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b5\/\"},\"wordCount\":329,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"http:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar\/2021\/12\/03\/%d9%86%d8%b8%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%ad%d8%aa%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%84-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%89-%d9%88%d9%81%d9%82-%d9%85%d8%b0%d9%87%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%81%d9%83%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b5\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/photo1645434296.jpeg\",\"keywords\":[\"\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0647\u064a\u0627\u062a\",\"\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\",\"\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631\",\"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\",\"\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629\",\"\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\"],\"articleSection\":[\"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\",\"\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\"],\"inLanguage\":\"ar\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar\/2021\/12\/03\/%d9%86%d8%b8%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%ad%d8%aa%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%84-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%89-%d9%88%d9%81%d9%82-%d9%85%d8%b0%d9%87%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%81%d9%83%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b5\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar\/2021\/12\/03\/%d9%86%d8%b8%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%ad%d8%aa%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%84-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%89-%d9%88%d9%81%d9%82-%d9%85%d8%b0%d9%87%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%81%d9%83%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b5\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar\/2021\/12\/03\/%d9%86%d8%b8%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%ad%d8%aa%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%84-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%89-%d9%88%d9%81%d9%82-%d9%85%d8%b0%d9%87%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%81%d9%83%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b5\/\",\"name\":\"\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631 - \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"http:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar\/2021\/12\/03\/%d9%86%d8%b8%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%ad%d8%aa%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%84-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%89-%d9%88%d9%81%d9%82-%d9%85%d8%b0%d9%87%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%81%d9%83%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b5\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar\/2021\/12\/03\/%d9%86%d8%b8%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%ad%d8%aa%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%84-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%89-%d9%88%d9%81%d9%82-%d9%85%d8%b0%d9%87%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%81%d9%83%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b5\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/photo1645434296.jpeg\",\"datePublished\":\"2021-12-03T07:41:38+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2022-03-16T08:07:26+00:00\",\"description\":\"\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631 - \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0646 (\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629) \u0647\u064a \u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0644 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0627\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar\/2021\/12\/03\/%d9%86%d8%b8%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%ad%d8%aa%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%84-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%89-%d9%88%d9%81%d9%82-%d9%85%d8%b0%d9%87%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%81%d9%83%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b5\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"ar\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar\/2021\/12\/03\/%d9%86%d8%b8%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%ad%d8%aa%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%84-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%89-%d9%88%d9%81%d9%82-%d9%85%d8%b0%d9%87%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%81%d9%83%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b5\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"ar\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar\/2021\/12\/03\/%d9%86%d8%b8%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%ad%d8%aa%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%84-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%89-%d9%88%d9%81%d9%82-%d9%85%d8%b0%d9%87%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%81%d9%83%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b5\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/photo1645434296.jpeg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/photo1645434296.jpeg\",\"width\":750,\"height\":342,\"caption\":\"\u0645\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0628\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631(\u0631\u0636)\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar\/2021\/12\/03\/%d9%86%d8%b8%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%ad%d8%aa%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%84-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%89-%d9%88%d9%81%d9%82-%d9%85%d8%b0%d9%87%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%81%d9%83%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b5\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"http:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"http:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar\/#website\",\"url\":\"http:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar\/\",\"name\":\"\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631\",\"description\":\"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0648 \u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0642\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"http:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar\/#organization\"},\"alternateName\":\"\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"http:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"ar\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"http:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar\/#organization\",\"name\":\"\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631\",\"alternateName\":\"\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0642\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631\",\"url\":\"http:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"ar\",\"@id\":\"http:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/\u0644\u0648\u06af\u0648-\u067e\u0698\u0648\u0647\u0634\u06af\u0627\u0647.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/\u0644\u0648\u06af\u0648-\u067e\u0698\u0648\u0647\u0634\u06af\u0627\u0647.png\",\"width\":1080,\"height\":1080,\"caption\":\"\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"http:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"},\"telephone\":\"982537846080+\",\"legalName\":\"\u067e\u0698\u0648\u0647\u0634\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u06cc \u0634\u0647\u06cc\u062f \u0635\u062f\u0631\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"http:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar\/#\/schema\/person\/64005fda921fb82ce2cbf238f1df8a7a\",\"name\":\"-\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"ar\",\"@id\":\"http:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/3ae80607dfc26d3c35d8cb26e039b09c17522ab5c620bb922cee66cc8a0bf6a4?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/3ae80607dfc26d3c35d8cb26e039b09c17522ab5c620bb922cee66cc8a0bf6a4?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"-\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar\"]}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631 - \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631","description":"\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631 - \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0646 (\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629) \u0647\u064a \u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0644 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0627\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar\/2021\/12\/03\/\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644-\u0639\u0644\u0649-\u0648\u0641\u0642-\u0645\u0630\u0647\u0628-\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631-\u0627\u0644\u0635\/","og_locale":"ar_AR","og_type":"article","og_title":"\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631","og_description":"\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631 - \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0646 (\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629) \u0647\u064a \u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0644 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0627\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646","og_url":"https:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar\/2021\/12\/03\/\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644-\u0639\u0644\u0649-\u0648\u0641\u0642-\u0645\u0630\u0647\u0628-\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631-\u0627\u0644\u0635\/","og_site_name":"\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631","article_published_time":"2021-12-03T07:41:38+00:00","article_modified_time":"2022-03-16T08:07:26+00:00","og_image":[{"width":750,"height":342,"url":"https:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/photo1645434296.jpeg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"-","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"\u0643\u064f\u062a\u0628 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629":"-","\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0631":"77 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar\/2021\/12\/03\/%d9%86%d8%b8%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%ad%d8%aa%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%84-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%89-%d9%88%d9%81%d9%82-%d9%85%d8%b0%d9%87%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%81%d9%83%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b5\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar\/2021\/12\/03\/%d9%86%d8%b8%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%ad%d8%aa%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%84-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%89-%d9%88%d9%81%d9%82-%d9%85%d8%b0%d9%87%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%81%d9%83%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b5\/"},"author":{"name":"-","@id":"http:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar\/#\/schema\/person\/64005fda921fb82ce2cbf238f1df8a7a"},"headline":"\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631","datePublished":"2021-12-03T07:41:38+00:00","dateModified":"2022-03-16T08:07:26+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar\/2021\/12\/03\/%d9%86%d8%b8%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%ad%d8%aa%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%84-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%89-%d9%88%d9%81%d9%82-%d9%85%d8%b0%d9%87%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%81%d9%83%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b5\/"},"wordCount":329,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"http:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar\/2021\/12\/03\/%d9%86%d8%b8%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%ad%d8%aa%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%84-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%89-%d9%88%d9%81%d9%82-%d9%85%d8%b0%d9%87%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%81%d9%83%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b5\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/photo1645434296.jpeg","keywords":["\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0647\u064a\u0627\u062a","\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629","\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631","\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a","\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629","\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644"],"articleSection":["\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642","\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a"],"inLanguage":"ar","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar\/2021\/12\/03\/%d9%86%d8%b8%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%ad%d8%aa%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%84-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%89-%d9%88%d9%81%d9%82-%d9%85%d8%b0%d9%87%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%81%d9%83%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b5\/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar\/2021\/12\/03\/%d9%86%d8%b8%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%ad%d8%aa%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%84-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%89-%d9%88%d9%81%d9%82-%d9%85%d8%b0%d9%87%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%81%d9%83%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b5\/","url":"https:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar\/2021\/12\/03\/%d9%86%d8%b8%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%ad%d8%aa%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%84-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%89-%d9%88%d9%81%d9%82-%d9%85%d8%b0%d9%87%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%81%d9%83%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b5\/","name":"\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631 - \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631","isPartOf":{"@id":"http:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar\/2021\/12\/03\/%d9%86%d8%b8%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%ad%d8%aa%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%84-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%89-%d9%88%d9%81%d9%82-%d9%85%d8%b0%d9%87%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%81%d9%83%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b5\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar\/2021\/12\/03\/%d9%86%d8%b8%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%ad%d8%aa%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%84-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%89-%d9%88%d9%81%d9%82-%d9%85%d8%b0%d9%87%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%81%d9%83%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b5\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/photo1645434296.jpeg","datePublished":"2021-12-03T07:41:38+00:00","dateModified":"2022-03-16T08:07:26+00:00","description":"\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631 - \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0646 (\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629) \u0647\u064a \u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0644 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0627\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar\/2021\/12\/03\/%d9%86%d8%b8%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%ad%d8%aa%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%84-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%89-%d9%88%d9%81%d9%82-%d9%85%d8%b0%d9%87%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%81%d9%83%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b5\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"ar","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar\/2021\/12\/03\/%d9%86%d8%b8%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%ad%d8%aa%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%84-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%89-%d9%88%d9%81%d9%82-%d9%85%d8%b0%d9%87%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%81%d9%83%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b5\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"ar","@id":"https:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar\/2021\/12\/03\/%d9%86%d8%b8%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%ad%d8%aa%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%84-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%89-%d9%88%d9%81%d9%82-%d9%85%d8%b0%d9%87%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%81%d9%83%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b5\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/photo1645434296.jpeg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/photo1645434296.jpeg","width":750,"height":342,"caption":"\u0645\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0628\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631(\u0631\u0636)"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar\/2021\/12\/03\/%d9%86%d8%b8%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%ad%d8%aa%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%84-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%89-%d9%88%d9%81%d9%82-%d9%85%d8%b0%d9%87%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%81%d9%83%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b5\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"http:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"http:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar\/#website","url":"http:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar\/","name":"\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631","description":"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0648 \u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0642\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631","publisher":{"@id":"http:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar\/#organization"},"alternateName":"\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"http:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"ar"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"http:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar\/#organization","name":"\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631","alternateName":"\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0642\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631","url":"http:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"ar","@id":"http:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/\u0644\u0648\u06af\u0648-\u067e\u0698\u0648\u0647\u0634\u06af\u0627\u0647.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/\u0644\u0648\u06af\u0648-\u067e\u0698\u0648\u0647\u0634\u06af\u0627\u0647.png","width":1080,"height":1080,"caption":"\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631"},"image":{"@id":"http:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"telephone":"982537846080+","legalName":"\u067e\u0698\u0648\u0647\u0634\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u06cc \u0634\u0647\u06cc\u062f \u0635\u062f\u0631"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"http:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar\/#\/schema\/person\/64005fda921fb82ce2cbf238f1df8a7a","name":"-","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"ar","@id":"http:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/3ae80607dfc26d3c35d8cb26e039b09c17522ab5c620bb922cee66cc8a0bf6a4?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/3ae80607dfc26d3c35d8cb26e039b09c17522ab5c620bb922cee66cc8a0bf6a4?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"-"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar"]}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10715","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10715"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10715\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/12363"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10715"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10715"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mbsadr.ir\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10715"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}